This stage is similar to the early development of Wenedyk. See the Grand Master Plan for Wenedyk for an overview.
| E.N.E.R. | Condition | Result | Example(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| vowels | |||
| a | initial, when stressed | jě | ĂQUAM > *jekva > jechva |
| after j | ě | IĂCTĀRE > *jěchtar > jechtar | |
| in an open stressed syllable | a | PĀNEM > panь > paň
CĂNEM > kanь > kaň "dog" |
|
| in a closed or unstressed syllable | o | CAPRAM > *kopra > kopra
ĂRĀNEAM > *oranja > oraňa |
|
| final | a | RŌMĀ > *ruma > Ruma | |
| e, ě, i, ǐ | initial | je, jě, ji, jь | ĒVENTUM > *jьvętъ > jveť
ǏNǏMĪCUM > *jьnьmikъ > jemnik |
| otherwise (palatalises the preceding consonant) | e, ě, i, ь | TĒLAM > *tela > tila
SǏTEM > *setь > siť TĔRRAM > *těra > tera |
|
| stressed, before a vowel | ej, ěj, ij | FERRĒUM > *fěrejь-jь > feřiji | |
| ǒ | initial | vo | OCTŌ > *voktu > vochtu |
| after j | e | ||
| otherwise | o | NǑCTEM > *nǒktь > nochť | |
| o | initial | vu | |
| after j | e | NĀTIŌNEM > *natjonǐ > *notjenь > nociň
JŬGUM > *jogŭ > *jegъ > jez |
|
| otherwise | u | DŌNUM > *donŭ > *dunъ > dun
PŬTEUM > *potjŭ > *putjь > puc |
|
| ŭ | initial | vъ | ŬTǏLǏSĀRE > *vъtьlьzar > vtelzar |
| after j /ǐ/ | jь | PŬTEUM > *potjŭ > *putjь > puc | |
| otherwise | ъ | SŌLEMNEM > *sъlenjь-jь > sleni
ĔPĪSTŬLAM > *jьpistъla > pisla |
|
| ū | initial | vy | ŪNUM > *vynъ > vyn |
| otherwise | y | CRŪDUM > *krydъ-jь > krydy | |
| diphthongs | |||
| au | initial | vo | AUDĪRE > *vodir > vodir |
| otherwise | o | PAUCŬLŬM > *pokъlъ > pokl | |
| eu | unless the e is accented and the u is part of the ending um | ju | NEUTRĀLEM > *njutralь-jь > ňutrali |
| ai, aji | ě | ||
| ei, eji, iji, ьji | ji | ||
| ŭa, ŭě, ŭe, ŭę | va, vě, ve, vę | QUARTUM > *kvartъ-jь > kvarty
QUĪNTUM > *kvętъ-jь > kvety |
|
| ŭi | y | ||
| ŭǒ, ŭu | o, u | QUATTRO > *kŭotru > kotru
NǑVUM > *nŭǒvŭ > *novъ-jь > novy |
|
| vowel + nasal (closed syllables) | |||
| am, an | initial | ję | ANGŬLUM > *jęgъlъ > jegl |
| otherwise | ǫ | CANTĀRE > *kǫtar > kutar | |
| em, en, im, in | initial | ję | INTĔR > *jętṛ > jetr |
| otherwise | ę | CENTUM > *čętъ > čet | |
| om, on, um, un | initial | vǫ | ŬNDĔ > *vǫdь > vuď |
| otherwise | ǫ | PONTEM > *pǫtь > puť | |
| vowel + liquid (in closed syllables only) | |||
| ar, al | ar, al | PARTEM > *partь > parť
ALTUM > *jeltъ-jь > jelty |
|
| or, ol | ra, la | PORTUM > *pratъ > prat | |
| er, ěr, el, ěl | normally | re, rě, lě, le | TERTIUM > *tretjь-jь > třeci |
| unaccented (sometimes) | ṛ́, ḷ' | SŬPĔR > *sъpṛ > sär | |
| ir, il | initial | jṛ́, jḷ' | |
| otherwise | ṛ́, ḷ' | GILVUM > *žḷ'vъ-jь > žlvy | |
| ur, ul | initial | vṛ, vḷ | URSUM > *vṛsъ > vrs |
| otherwise | ṛ, ḷ | MULTUM > *mḷtъ > mlt | |
| consonants | |||
| k, g | before e, ě, i | c', dz'(second palatalisation) | CAESAREM > *kaisarĭ > *cesarь > cesař |
| after e, ę, i (sometimes) | c', dz' (third palatalisation) | AMĪCAM > *omjica > omica | |
| tj, dj | c', dz' | SPATIUM > *jьšpatjь > špac
DĔCEM > *djěčь > zeč |
|
| stj, ščj, šč | šč' | QUÆSTIŌNEM > *kvěstjenь > kveštiň | |
| sj, šj, š | š' | SĒX > *šej > šej
SĪGNUM > šinjь > šiň |
|
| zj, žj, ž | ž' | MANSIŌNEM > *mazjenǐ > *moženь > možiň | |
| pj, bj, fj, vj, mj | plj, blj, flj, vlj, mlj | SĒPIAM > *seplja > sipĺa
SĪMIAM > *sjimlja > šimĺa |
|
| f | before r', ṛ', l, ḷ | v | FRĪGǏDUM > *vrjidъ-jь > vřidy
FLAMMAM > *vloma > vloma |
| otherwise | f | FĪLIUM > *fjiljь > fiĺ
FRĀTREM > *frotrь > frotr |
|
| n | final | nasalises the precising vowel | NŌMEN > *numę > num |
| s | final | š | NŌS > *nuš > nuš |
| consonant clusters | |||
| pr, br, kr, gr, tr, dr pl, bl, kl, gl |
remain unchanged | DŬPLUM > *duplъ-jь > duply
MACRUM > *mokrъ-jь > mokry ǏNTĔGRUM > *jętjěgrъ-jь > jecehry |
|
| pt, bt | t | SĔPTEM > *sětь > seť | |
| kt, ktj | cht, chtj | D(Ī)RĒCTUM > *dьretjь-jь > dřechty | |
| x, cs, ps, bs, ss | s | PASSĀRE > *posar > posar
AXEM > *osь > os |
|
| sk, sp | before a, o, ǫ, u, ъ, ṛ, ḷ | šk, šp | PǏSCĀRE > *pьškar > peškar
(Ǐ)SCHǑLAM > *jьškuola > škola (Ǐ)SPŌNSA > *jьšpuza > špuza |
| mn(j) | n(j) | SOMNIUM > *sonjь > soň | |
| mǐn, nǐm | mnj | NŌMǏNĀRE > *numnjar > numňar
ĂNǏMAL > *omnjalъ > omňal |
|
| other geminate consonants | merge into one | DRAPPUM > *dropъ > drop
FLAMMAM > *vloma > vloma TĔRRAM > *těra > tera |
|
| L.N.E.R. | Condition | Result | Example(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| vowels | |||
| ь | strong | e | |
| weak | ' (= palatalisation of the preceding consonant) | FĪNEM > *fjinь > fiň | |
| ъ | strong | ë (non-palatalising e) | ĂNŬLUM > *jěnъlъ > *jěnël > jenl |
| weak | disappears | ŌVUM > *vuvъ > vuv | |
| ṛ, ṛ́ | always | r (syllabic r) | URSUM > *vṛsъ > vrs
VIRTŪTEM > *vṛ́tytь > vrtyť CIRCUM > *čṛ́kъ > črk |
| ḷ, ḷ' | always | l (syllabic l) | MULCĒRE > *mḷčer > mlčer
AUSCULTĀRE > *voškḷtar > voškltar FĔLTRUM > *fḷ'trъ > flt SILVAM > *sḷ'va > slva |
| diphthongs | |||
| au | av | PAULUM > *pavlъ > Pavl | |
| consonants (mostly a matter of spelling only) | |||
| p', b', f', v', m', s', z' | always | p, b, f, v, m, s, z | VULPEM > *vḷpь > vlp
CAPITANEUM > *kapьtanjь > kaptaň |
| t', d' | always | ť, ď | *CORDE- > *kradь > kraď |
| n', nj | always | ň | FĪNEM > *fjinь > fiň |
| l', lj | always | ľ | FĪLIUM > *fjiljь > fiĺ |
| r', rj | normally | ř | GLŌRIAM > *glurja > hluřa
VIĀTŌREM > *vijaturь > vijatuř |
| š', ž', č', šč', c', dz' | (no change) | š, ž, č, šč, c, dz | ACIĀRIUM > *očjěrjь > očeř |
| Old Šležan | Condition | Result | Example(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| vowels | |||
| e | open, stressed | i | VĒRUM > *verъ-jь > viry |
| otherwise | e | VĬRĬDEM *verьdь-jь > verdy | |
| ě | always | e | |
| ę | non-final | e | DĔNTEM > *dętь > deť |
| final | disappears | NŌMEN > *numę > num | |
| ë | normally | ä | |
| before final r or l | disappears | ||
| ǫ | long | ou | PRŌMPTUM > *prǫtъ-jь > prouty |
| short | u | MǑNTEM > *mǫtь > muť | |
| ji | after a consonant | i | ĪNSŬLAM > *jizъla > jizla
FĪNEM > *fjinь > fiň |
| je | after a consonant | e | |
| consonants | |||
| g | h | LINGUAM > *lęgva > lehva | |
| r | before e or i | ř | |
| ř | before a dental/alveolar consonant | r | CĀRĬTĀTEM *karьtatь > kartať |
| ľ | before e or i | l | |
| šč, ždž | before e or i | št, žd | |
| otherwise | šť, žď | ||
| sr, zr | str, zdr | ||
| sř, zř, čř | stř, zdř, tř | SERVUM > *srevъ > střev
GERMĀNUM > *žermanъ > zdřeman DISCERNŌ > *dičrenu > ditřenu |
|