Relay 10/R

List of translations

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Glossary

an (pron) 1st person singluar nominative: I
ar (prep) to, towards
arnœta (demon) near demonstrative pronoun: this
arpec (adv) indicated present time, now
ãs (pron) 1st person plural exclusive nominative:we
ãsa (pron) 1st person plural exclusive object: us
ãsel (poss adj) 1st person plural (animate nouns) exclusive: our
ãsta (poss adj) 1st person plural (inanimate nouns) exclusive: our
d'îlve (v) to play
ës (pron) second person single nominative: you
eta (pron) 3rd person singular animate masculine object:him
etë (pron) 3rd person singular animate nominative: she
etëa (pron) 3rd person singular animate feminine object: her
etël (poss adj) 3rd person singular animate feminine: her
fãjuta (ni) remainder, left over, detritus, garbage
gar (part) in order to, so that
gecœfte (ni) song
gecœve (v) to sing
gekãve (v) to eat
gœusta (ni) house
gœusta (ni) question
gœuve (v) to question, ask a question
hãve (v) to disassemble, break down to pieces or constituent parts
îlve (v) to attack, assault
îuv (na) child
kîîlve (v) to guard
lëîlve (v) to be wary of
lîuve (v) to coneal, hide
lœ (prep) with
mϔlel (adj) beautiful, attractive, pretty
næ (part) negates a verb
nar (pron.rel.) that/what
ñãrœte (ni) window
ñãve (v) to come
nîld'îec (adv) a change of time to the negative
nîve (adv) thoroughly
nuîla (ni) cheerfulness, contentedness, happiness
ñuve (v) to eject, cast off, throw out, jettison
œufta (adj) curious, nosey
ou (conj) and
ousã (part) and so on, etc.
pãë (na) body, corpse (it can be living or dead, same word)
rãjuve (v) to begin, start
rœ (prep) through
sëuve (v) to comprehend, understand, believe
sëve (v) to know
t'iœv (na) baby
ta (conj) used to inidcate two or more consecutive events
tæîlel (adj) dangerous
vëîlve (v) to do, make
vîu (pron.int) what
xœutë (na) adolescent female
z'ãve (v) to cause
z'yîlve (v) to work, produce
zîve (v) to happen, take place
zîmon (ni) event
zœletu (na) policeman

Abbreviations

adj. - adjective
conj. - conjunction
demon - demonstrative
ni - noun, inanimate
na - noun, animate
part. - particle
poss adj - possessive adjective
prep. - preposition
pron. - pronoun
pron.int. - interrogative pronoun
pron.rel. - relative pronoun
v. - verb

Alëîl Tæîlel T'iœv

Ësëu ës zîvmon nar ãsa zîo?
Mœîlel xœutë ar ãsta gœusta ñão gar ãsel t'iœv kîîlve.
Etë nîvec ëz'yîl gar ar îuv nuîla z'ãve
Etë lœ eta ëd'îl ou ar eta gecœftehu ëgecœ ousã.
Nîld'îec t'iœv etëa îlo ta etël pãë hão ta etël pãë gekão ta fãjuta rœ ñãrœte ñuo.
Vîu ãs ëvëîl? An næ ësë.
Arpec ãs arnœta zîvmon ëlîu gar zœletu œufta gœustahu gœuve næ ërãju.

Grammar

The name of this languge in English is Vistulan, in its own language it is call Vystoulor.

1. Sentence Structure:
   • statements are SOV
   • questions are VSO
     unless they use an interrogative pronoun: SOV
2. Adjectives and adverbs preceed their antecedants.
3. Verbs do not have tense. They determine tense from the context. They are inflected for:
   • aspect: perfective and imperfective
   • mood: indicative, imperative
   • voice: active
   To inflect a verb, remove the infinitive ending -ve
   • active perfective: suffixed with -o
   • active imperfective: prefixed with ë-
   • active imperfective imperative: prefixed with a-
4. Translating the verb
   • active perfective
     • the action is complete (happened in the past: I walked to work.)
     • the action is habitual (I walk to work everyday)
   • active imperfective
     • the action is not complete (happens in the future: I will walk to work)
     • the action is progressive (happening now: I am walking to work)
   • active imperfective imperative
     • an action that a person is constrained to do for an indeterminate lenght of time. (keep on walking)