Relay 10/R

List of translations

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Vocabulary

aenyr: playful, idle, carefree
aeyu: to hide, to conceal
also: 2nd person plural neuter pronoun
baira: skin
bopae: until, unless
daoteo: to tear, to rip
dekaeda: 1st person inclusive plural neuter pronoun
doru: to see, to watch
elbe: to move, to travel -- most motion verbs are contained here
ilaetrae: to speak, to tell
ilazae: to feel joy
iru: to kill
isai: to eat
isetrae: to ask (a question)
kebeni: Beacuse of this, therefore
kemae: the negative personification of Order. Fate, Oblivion, Time would be equivalent English concepts.
leobysu: to exist, to have, to possess
luz: beautiful, wonderful
naerai: corpse (of a woman)
naor: query pronoun
ni: in/on
nyaram: and (connecting clauses)
nyito: to discard, to leave (garbage) outside
nyo: parable, fable, legend, usually based on a true story
param: relating to the negative aspect of things, negative, pessimistic
paza: desert
rain: used to indicate a subordinate clause
ram: and (joins nouns)
raokae: 1st person singular adult masculine pronoun
rumu: internal organ
rynyil: countrymen
se: do (see above)
sem: now
taeyai: woman
taeyo: boy
trunym: to sing, to chant, to create music
yainyebae: to know
yaimi: 3rd person singular adult feminine pronoun
yaemi: 3rd person singular concept pronoun
yeomi: 3rd person singular location pronoun
yomi: 3rd person singular juvenille masculine pronoun
zaitre: to be equivalent to
zapaz: however, but
zaskae: way, method, action
zi: open


Darynese (*)

Rebecca Harbison

Ring A


Yeomi-naim leobysuril zaitrese yeomi-ilaetraeril

Dorunyaera, raokae-naim-rynyil! Raokae-naimae nyo yainyebaese kemae. Leobysuse paramo-taeyo-ram luzai-taeyai-ram. Yaimi-naim-trunymril doruse yomi. Aenyr-elbese yaime, nyaram trunymse yaimi, nyaram ilazaese yomi. Zapaz, yaimi iruse yomi, nyaram, yaimi-naime-baira zi-daoteose yomi, nyaram yaimi-naime-al-rumu isaise yomi, nyaram naerai nyitose yomi ni-paza. Zaskae-naor sem-se dekaeda? Em-se raokae rain yainyebaesepa dekaeda. Kebeni, yaemi aeyuse raokae, nyaram ilaetraaesepa raokae bopae raoke isetraese also.


The telling of it is as it happened

See, my countrymen! Fate knows my story. There was a shadowy boy and a beautiful woman. He saw her singing. She ran and sang, and he felt joy. But, he killed her, tore open her skin, ate her internal organs and discarded the body in the desert. What do we do now? We don't know what I will do. Because of this, I hide it and do not speak of it unless I am asked.


Grammar notes

The overall syntax of Darynse is OVS. The verbs are conjugated based on politeness level and evidentiality. There are four levels of politeness in Darynse. Only the polite and authoritative was used in this text. As for the evidentiality, Darynese verbs can be conjugated based on whether they are positive (the speaker knows this to be true), negative (the speaker knows this to be false) or positive or negative hearsay (the speaker is uncertain of the truth of the statement, but thinks it is either true or false).

                Polite        Authoritative
Positive        -se           -nyae
Negative        -sepa

The Darynese verb ai (to do) is irregular, and is conjugated as following:

                Polite	
Positive        se	
Negative        sepa	

-ra is used as an 'empathetic' -- adding it to the end of the verb changes the meaning. For an authoritative verb, it turns the sentence into a command.

The suffix -ril is used to turn a verb into a participle. This also can be used to make compound verbs (riril-tusreo (to want to pilot)) or identifying clauses (ririli-ritryn (the bird that is flying)). Adjectives and adverbs proceed the word they modify, and change ending to match the gender of the noun. Note that these rules are also used on participles.

A noun is pluralized by attaching al- to it as a prefix. Darynese has ten genders, several of which were used here. The endings are thus:

Adult Female    -ai
Adult Male      -ao
Juvenile Male   -o
Concept         -ae
Location        -eo
Neuter         (none)

Adverbs are left in the root forms. Note that these rules are also used on participles. A noun can be turned into an adjective (if an adjective doesn't exist already) by adding the possessive -naim.


© Jan van Steenbergen, Rebecca Harbison, 7 Sept. 2004