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paγara ja rixa swirara jaak darare rai, kaiweke srawi! srakparastaitija paγa rai an ŋjara. xanja gwire kjanteili an šera selja man. xanja srau ra šera gajanu. i gajanu an fezgaiteke γejanu, an xanjau man beila. pari i šeru as diwestu. i ljadu ja xaskjaiteke dwerju an xemelkekwe ja paju an sluzge ja sinagau ŋaudaγu. res kut kjalel elja? res atŋjara ra er mijel elju. kir er naγa ŋjaru rai an atjawa men le atmuŋjawa. Its existence is equivalent to its tellingWatch alertly, my companions! Order of passing away (personified) knows my story. There was a horrible boy and a beautiful woman. The boy watched the woman sing. She sang and playfully danced, and the boy was happy. However, he suddenly killed the woman. He opened up her skin with a violent motion and ate her internal organs and discarded her corpse on the heath. What do we do now? We don't know that I did something then. Therefore I am hiding my knowledge and won't speak until you ask. Notes and grammatical informationwu, ji are replaced by w, j (possibly represented u, i) everywhere. There are four declensions of the noun and adjective, depending on the final vowel in the nominative singular (the citation form). Nouns inflect for case and number, and adjectives agree with nouns they modify. (This table was copied from previous relays; most of it doesn't apply here.) sg pl sg pl sg pl sg pl nominative -a -e -e -i -i* -wi -u -i accusative -u -i -i -e -e -we -a -e genitive -ai -ei -ei -ja -ja -wa -ui -ja locative -au -eu -eu -ju -ju -u -u -ju * palatalizing Pronouns decline irregularly. In this text the following appear: 1sg 1pl 2sg 3sg nominative er res le i genitive rai ja Since there's only one 3p pronoun, occasionally it has a couple different referents at once, when context makes the matter clear. There is one conjugation of the verb. Verbs inflect for TAM only. This text has the present -a past imperfective -anu past perfective -u formal imperative -i plus the active participle -aita event nominalization -ara agentive -aire Though -ara is fully productive, some verbs have other corresponding nouns as well. As for the copula, which is irregular, the only form occurring is past imperfective man. The copula serves to express 'have' with subject in locative. More morphology: -eke derives adverbs and is quite productive. -ija derives a noun meaning 'one who/that is X', often a proper name, from an adjective. Final vowels disappear before these suffixes. Basic word order is NA, NG, PN, and both SOV and SVO. SVO is more common when the object is indefinite, SOV when the object is definite. Any of the nominal arguments can be omitted. Lastly, a note on srakparastaitija. My Darynese source had a very elegant and concise kemae in its place; but I've done regrettably little conculturing on the pjaukra-speakers and have no idea what sort of figures in their belief system would be equivalent, so I've come up with this very klugish compound. |
© Jan van Steenbergen, Alex Fink, 9 Sept. 2004